Nearly 30 million individuals aged 12 or older are affected by hearing loss in the United States. Depending on the type of hearing loss, treatment options may vary. In some cases, surgery can be used to restore hearing, implant cochlear devices or repair parts of the ear. Let’s consider some conditions that may require hearing loss surgery.
Microtia and Atresia
Microtia is a congenital anomaly where a baby’s ear fails to fully develop. It often coincides with atresia, a condition characterized by the absence, underdevelopment or closure of the ear canal. These conditions typically result in conductive hearing loss, and their exact causes remain unknown.
Treatment for microtia and atresia includes reconstructive procedures. Surgeons can widen or create the ear canal to address atresia. Or they can reconstruct the ear using the patient’s own tissue for microtia. Alternatively, patients may opt for prosthetic ears if they choose not to undergo reconstructive surgery.
People with atresia may also benefit from a bone-anchored hearing system. This system transmits sound vibrations directly to the inner ear by contacting the skull bones. It can also be employed in individuals without microtia or atresia, such as older adults experiencing profound hearing loss.
Otosclerosis
Otosclerosis involves abnormal bone growth in the middle, and, occasionally, the inner ear, leading to hearing loss. Treatment options include hearing aids, surgical intervention or cochlear implantation.
The surgical procedure for otosclerosis is known as a Stapedectomy. During this operation, a prosthetic bone is placed in the middle ear to bypass the dysfunctional stapes bone, thus improving hearing. If surgery is required on both ears, the surgeries are typically performed separately, with at least six months between procedures.
Cochlear Implants
Cochlear implants offer an alternative treatment by bypassing inner ear structures and creating an alternative route for sound to reach the brain. In the U.S., approximately 118,100 adults and 65,000 children have received cochlear implants.
Surgical Risks
While these surgeries offer potential benefits, they also entail certain risks. Risks include the possibility of facial nerve damage, stiffness, ear drainage and infection. Prior to the surgery, your doctor will provide detailed information regarding preoperative instructions, postoperative care and potential risks.
To learn more about surgical options for hearing loss or to schedule a hearing evaluation, contact PDX ENT to schedule an appointment today.
